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Starting a business
This information applies to England and Wales.
Working for yourself can be rewarding and challenging. There are lots of organisations and free online resources that can help you turn your idea into a business.
It can take time to make a profit, so it is often a good idea not to rely on income from a business straight away.
Take time to research the market. Keep your options open with other paid work until you are making enough money to go full-time.
Research your idea
You need to find out if your idea will work as a business. To do this, you want to understand:
- your target customer and if they will want to buy your product or service
- how the market looks, for example if there are lots of other people doing similar things
- how much you will be able to charge
There are many ways you can research, depending on the product or service you want to offer. You can:
- look at similar businesses online
- join Facebook groups where people have similar interests, products or services
- ask questions on forums for start-ups and entrepreneurs
- connect with people doing similar things on LinkedIn
- attend free networking events in your area or online
- watch videos of entrepreneurs talking about how they began
For example, you want to sell handmade jewellery online.
Start by searching for handmade jewellery in your area. You could then look at platforms like Instagram, Etsy and Not On The High Street to see how well other jewellery sellers are doing.
You could look at:
- how they engage with their audience
- how many sales on Etsy have they made since opening
- what type of products sell best
- how they photograph and describe their products
- how much they charge for postage
Write a business plan
Start by writing your ideas down, explaining:
- why you want to start a business
- what your product or service is
- where you will market it
- who your customers will be
- how you will build and fund the business
Download a business plan template (The King’s Trust)
You may also want to think about protecting your work from others copying it. This is called trademarking and copyrighting.
Setting up a business
There are many ways of running a business too, including:
- being a sole trader (self-employed), where you keep your profits after you pay tax
- setting up a partnership with another person
- setting up a Community Interest Company (CIC) that has social, charitable or community goals
- setting up a limited company, which is private and any money you put into it is protected
Grants and support for starting a new business
Some organisations offer free support to people setting up a business. This can include business planning, mentoring, training and co-working spaces. These are sometimes called business incubators or accelerator programmes.
What is a business incubator? (British Business Bank)
You could be entitled to support if you are over 18 and you or your partner claim:
- Universal Credit (UC)
- Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA)
- Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
Help with moving from benefits to work: Starting or running your own business (GOV.UK)
There are grants and support available for starting your own business.
- Business grants for disabled people (Disability Grants)
- Stelios Awards for disabled entrepreneurs (Leonard Cheshire Disability)
- Virgin StartUp
- Business Without Barriers
- Self-employment advice (IPSE)
- Support and Mentoring Enabling Entrepreneurship (SAMEE)
Free support for young people
You can apply for free business support for young people through:
Self-employment support in Wales
Business Wales supports people starting, running and growing a business. This includes online information, advice and guidance, the Business Wales Helpline and Business Wales centres.
PRIME Cymru offers tailored support from an experienced business mentor to people over 50 looking to set up a business. If you are considering self-employment, there is a lot of support and advice available to get you started.
Free business courses and events
Sign up for free courses, webinars, workshops and talks. The more you attend, the more you learn. This can also be a good way to connect with people.
Find online events (Eventbrite)
Browse free business courses (Google Digital Garage)
Develop your digital skills for free (Good Things Foundation)
Warning Watch out for scams
Research business opportunities or paid courses to make sure you are getting value for money.
Find a mentor
A mentor is someone who supports you and your business. They may have had lots of experience running a business and be able to give you advice.
You could try getting a mentor through a local start-up network, contacting someone you admire on social media or through a mentor scheme.
You may need to contact several people to find someone so keep trying!
The Association of Disabled Professionals has information for disabled entrepreneurs.
You can get support setting up a business and improving your skills.
Test your idea
Testing your product or service can be a great way to see how it will work and what people think of it.
When you are ready, trial your service, perhaps at a networking or trade event.
You could try selling your products at a local market or on social media. Ask people for their first impressions and any feedback. Remember you can learn from negative feedback to improve your products or service.
Tax and National Insurance
You must register for tax and National Insurance in the first 6 months of being self-employed or you will be fined.
Register to pay tax and national insurance with HMRC (GOV.UK)
You may be able to claim Working Tax Credit.
Business expenses
Plan what expenses you can deduct from your taxable profit. You may end up operating at a loss in the first couple of years. Being able to claim back expenses can help.
Last reviewed by Scope on: 14/02/2025
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